Quick Fact :
JJ Thomson was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906 having proved that electrons are particles. 31 years later, his son, GP Thomson, was awarded the Nobel Prize for proving that electrons are waves. They
were both right.
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Quick Fact :
JJ Thomson was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906 having proved that electrons are particles. 31 years later, his son, GP Thomson, was awarded the Nobel Prize for proving that electrons are waves. They
were both right.
Time
2- The length of time it takes for Earth to orbit the Sun is 365 and a quarter days. To make up this extra quarter which isn't counted at the end of a year, we have an extra day every four years on 29th February. This year, 2008, is a Leap Year. The next Leap Year will be in 2012.
3- A day on Mars is about half an hour longer than a day on Earth.
4- There is no time at the north/south pole as all time zones fall in to one place making it impossible to define the time !!!
5- Every day is about 55 billionths of a second longer than the day before it
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1- The First Atom Bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki detonated with a power of more than 20,000 Tons of TNT.
2- Later the United States created a more powerful thermonuclear weapon, or hydrogen bomb as it is often called, exploded with a force of 10 megatons equal to exploding 10,000,000 (ten million) tons of TNT , that's 500 times greater than the First Atom Bombs.
3- But that's not enough, by harnessing the power of both fission and fusion inside a single bomb only, military scientists of Russia created the most deadly weapon ever made !
4- In a test, it exploded with a force of 57 megatons, that's nearly 3000 (three thousand) times more powerful than the first atom bombs and 5.7 times powerful than the ordinary hydrogen bombs.
5- It has been estimated that roughly there are enough Nuclear Weapons collected by the humans that could destroy the entire Earth 41 times !
5- It has been estimated that roughly there are enough Nuclear Weapons collected by the humans that could destroy the entire Earth 41 times !
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| Anti-matter, a copy of ordinary matter with opposite charges. |
The answer "Antimatter" costing $62.5 trillion per gram.
1- Antimatter is thought to be the exact same as regular matter, only the charges of the particles are the opposite of what one would expect to find.
2- For example, normal electrons have a negative charge, but antimatter electrons have a positive charge and are known as positrons.
3- The likewise is true for protons which would have a negative charge, and neutrons which remain neutral.
4- When we combine an anti-particle with any other normal particle, the two release a tremondous amount of energy.
5- This energy is the production of two extremely high energy gamma photons.
6- One kilogram of antimatter could be used to create a 43 megaton explosion, which is larger than several thousand nuclear bombs.
7- It has been the science fiction dream to harness this energy for space travel in place of nuclear or fossil fuel power.
8- A speck of antimatter weighing one milligram would, in combonation with one milligram of matter, deliver more energy than two tons of rocket fuel.
9- But, even if we produce anti-protons at five times our current rate (Fermilab's goal in the next five years) and were able to store them, it would still take 200,000 years to make that one milligram of antimatter.
Arthur Schuster to Introduce Antimatter :
1- The term antimatter was first used by Arthur Schuster in two rather whimsical letters to Nature in 1898, in which he coined the term.
9- Antimatter is just nothing but a mere copy of ordinary matter we see with opposite charges.
2- He hypothesized antiatoms, as well as whole antimatter solar systems, and discussed the possibility of matter and antimatter annihilating each other.
3- Schuster's ideas were not a serious theoretical proposal, merely speculation, and like the previous ideas, differed from the modern concept of antimatter in that it possessed negative gravity .
The Modern Theory :
4- The modern theory of antimatter began in 1928, with a paper by Paul Dirac.
5- Dirac realised that his relativistic version of the Schrödinger wave equation for electrons predicted the possibility of antielectrons.
6- These were discovered by Carl D. Anderson in 1932 and named positrons (a contraction of "positive electrons").
7- Although Dirac did not himself use the term antimatter, its use follows on naturally enough from antielectrons, antiprotons, etc.
8- A complete periodic table of antimatter was envisaged by Charles Janet in 1929
What is Antimatter ?
What is Antimatter ?
9- Antimatter is just nothing but a mere copy of ordinary matter we see with opposite charges.
10- For every type of matter particle we've found, there also exists a corresponding antimatter particle, or antiparticle.
How it looks like ?
11- Antiparticles look and behave just like their corresponding matter particles, except they have opposite charges.
12- For instance, a proton is electrically positive whereas an anti-proton is electrically negative.
How it behaves ?
13- It behaves just the same as matter —No difference
14- Gravity affects matter and antimatter the same way because gravity is not a charged property.
15- Matter particle has the same mass as its antiparticle.
How it looks like ?
11- Antiparticles look and behave just like their corresponding matter particles, except they have opposite charges.
12- For instance, a proton is electrically positive whereas an anti-proton is electrically negative.
How it behaves ?
13- It behaves just the same as matter —No difference
14- Gravity affects matter and antimatter the same way because gravity is not a charged property.
15- Matter particle has the same mass as its antiparticle.
★ There are more nerve cells in the human brain than there are stars in the Milky Way.
★ Astronomers estimate the number of stars in the galaxy is roughly 100 billion (100,000,000,000) where the number of neurons in an adult human brain is more than 100 billion neurons. Somewhat very close but neuron beats it !
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A bolt of lightning can produce maximum temperature of about 54,000°F (30,000°C); six times hotter than the Sun, whereas the maximum temperature produced in Nuclear Reactors is half (1600°C) and the temperature in Earth's core using mathematical and geophysical models is between 5,000 and 7,000°C (9,000 to 12,630°F).
▬▬Einstein to the Test▬▬
"Neutrinos - Particles travelling faster than the speed of light under scrutiny at CERN"
┗▶ What do you mean by speed of light ?
According to special relativity, c is the maximum speed at which all energy, matter or information in the universe can travel. Nothing can travel faster than speed c through the fabric of space-time, so this sets Universe's ultimate speed limit. It is the speed of all massive or massless particles—including electromagnetic radiation such as light.
According to relativity, as you approach the speed of light, time slows down, you get heavier, and you also get flatter (all of which have been measured in the lab). But if you go faster than light, then the impossible happens. Time goes backward. You are lighter than nothing, and you have negative width. Since this is ridiculous in physics as you cannot get a negative length, you cannot go faster than light, said Einstein.
┗▶ What is the impact of "Nothing can exceed speed of light" ?
Half of the modern physics and Einstein's special theory of Relativity stands firm on only 1 pillar :
"Nothing can travel faster than the speed of light"
To justify, all Einstein's equations have been derived using "c" as the Universe's ultimate speed limit, including the famous formula E=mc² and the whole theory of relativity and our notions of space-time as to how time behaves and bodies propagate in space depend on value of "c" and cannot exceed speed of light.
┗▶ Neutrino—Exceeding speed of light ?
Now, a team of scientists working at the CERN, the world's largest physics lab claim that they have found sub-atomic particles travelling faster than the speed of light. Subatomic particles called neutrinos were beamed from the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland to a laboratory in Italy 454 miles away, and beat the speed of light by 60 nanoseconds,60 billionths of a second faster. To be precise, in a billionth of a second, a beam of light travels about one foot. So a difference of 60 feet was quite astonishing.
┗▶ Confirmation of Neutrino :
As experts across the world expressed their shock – and cynicism – the physicists at CERN insisted they had tested and re-tested the findings for six months and could not find anything to alter the result.
"We tried to find all possible explanations for this," the report's author Antonio Ereditato of the Opera collaboration told BBC News on Thursday evening.
"We wanted to find a mistake - trivial mistakes, more complicated mistakes, or nasty effects - and we didn't.
"When you don't find anything, then you say 'well, now I'm forced to go out and ask the community to scrutinise this."
┗▶ Einstein's Defence :
Einstein's theories actually allow the existence of non-detectable particles moving faster than speed of light. These particles are called tachyons.
However, experimental science states there is no possibility to use such theoretical tachyons as a transport medium for information.
┗▶ If there is a flaw in experiment then Einstein is saved, but what if it's been proved and consistently verified ?
If Neutrinos travelling faster than light come under uniformity (travel faster than light everywhere) than say farewell to modern physics !
Cosmology, the very way we think of space, would be forever altered. The distance to the stars and galaxies and the age of the universe (13.7 billion years) would be thrown in doubt. Even the expanding universe theory, the Big Bang theory, and black holes would have to be re-examined.
Moreover, everything we think we understand about nuclear physics would need to be reassessed. Every school kid knows Einstein's famous equation E=mc² where a small amount of mass m can create a vast amount of energy E, because the speed of light c squared is such a huge number. But if c is off, it means that all nuclear physics has to be recalibrated. Nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and radioactive dating would be affected because all nuclear reactions are based on Einstein's relation between matter and energy.
If all this wasn't bad enough, it would also mean that the fundamental principles of physics are incorrect
┗▶ The Result :
Whoever is correct, the team has published its work so other scientists can determine if the approach contains any mistakes.
"My dream would be that another, independent experiment finds the same thing - then I would be relieved," Dr Ereditato told BBC News.But for now, he explained, "we are not claiming things, we want just to be helped by the community in understanding our crazy result - because it is crazy".
Reputations may rise and fall. But in the end, this is a victory for science. No theory is carved in stone. Science is merciless when it comes to testing all theories over and over, at any time, in any place. Unlike religion or politics, science is ultimately decided by experiments, done repeatedly in every form. There are no sacred cows. In science, 100 authorities count for nothing. Experiment counts for everything.
┗▶ It's your turn now, what do you think eh ?
"I thought of that while riding my bicycle, probably "Theory of relativity"
— "Albert Einstein"
★ Einstein's theory of relativity may be incorrect !!!
Have a look :: http://www.bibleprophecyupdate.com/http:/www.bibleprophecyupdate.com/creation-v-evolution/science-and-the-bible/einsteins-theory-may-be-wrong/
★ Einstein's explanation to Gravity was a "dent in space-time" which causes celestial bodies to revolve in orbits.
★ Just like a basket ball on a matress causing a dent, if we place a wall-nut on the matress, the dent will create an attraction in between the basket ball and wall-nut on the matress like the Earth and moon as depicted in this image.
Some lightning facts ::
★ About 100 lightning bolts strike Earth’s surface every single second.
★ A lightning bolt generates temperatures five times hotter than those found at the sun's surface!
★ We see lightning 1st and then hear its sound as "light travels faster than sound".This is the best example of proving, light is the fastest travelling wave.
0.01159 cm x 299,792,458 m/s = 3474594.58822 m = the moon's true diameter.
★ The Earth is not completely round in fact, it is pear-shaped as somewhat depicted in the image.
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Explanation ::
Without thinking of density of water or expanidng and contracting property we'll simply use Einstein's Energy-Mass Equivalence Equation.
According to Einstein, energy has mass though very small but yeah it does, it is represented by E=mc2 , so when you're heating water, you're simply adding Energy (or mass) so definitely hot water will be heavier than cold water though not significantly but IT WILL !
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★ The cartilage disks in the spine expand in the absence of gravity.
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